Shanghai East Sea Bridge, near the sea, there are 34 30-storey wind turbines. They have just installed this year in February. National Energy Board new energy and renewable energy Tateyama Deputy Secretary Nagao recently heard that the wind farm will be fully integrated into power in mid-June. This is the first offshore wind farm demonstration project is Asia’s first large-scale offshore wind farm. Each fan capacity of 3 megawatts (MW), a total of 102MW, will be able to provide electricity to 40 million homes.
Next we will see a second, third, etc., at the beginning of a national energy conference, the National Energy Secretary Zhang in “2010 the overall energy requirements and tasks of work,” said: “2010, to continue promote large-scale wind power base construction, particularly offshore wind power to be carried out together. “Subsequently, the National Energy Board and the State Oceanic Administration jointly issued the” development and construction of offshore wind Interim Measures “, making the government and enterprises in carrying out offshore wind power generator plan and investment began to rule-based. And National Energy Board announced recently will start the first round of offshore wind power concession bidding, which means countries are about large-scale development of offshore wind power. Sources said the project will be located in Jiangsu and Shandong, including two 300MW of tidal capacity of power plants and 200MW of offshore capacity of two power stations with a total capacity of 1 gigawatt (GW).
2010, known as the first year of China’s offshore wind generator . In fact, the country has not yet decided which to develop offshore wind power before, beginning in 2005, many of energy enterprises have been the central coastal provinces started taking, and the local government signed a “framework of the development agreement” after a few years for development of offshore wind energy resources offshore Basic waters have been “among themselves.” Bureau of Energy, “starting gun” ring, all of the energy companies began to speed up and wind resources in the city’s government access. At the same time, the parties came to the East China Sea Bridge and the soon to be launched in the new field offshore wind power project of many questions and controversies, such as lack of previous research and demonstration, the quality of suspicious domestic fans, and other network problems exist. Offshore wind power in the global pattern of development, China is the latecomers, but not weaker than the development of impulsive pioneer. Agitation in the industry, the policy level, to show caution.
Many countries competing to send offshore wind power
In the new pattern of energy development, solar and wind power has been a top priority. In a number of experts, the offshore wind wind Zi Yuan more than the land-based wind power is more stable, does not occupy the land resources, influenced by the surroundings and small, and that vast region has great potential, especially for those with an extensive coastline of the country It is rich, a quality and clean new energy. Therefore, many countries have long realized the strategic significance of offshore wind power, and actively developed. Which the EU is a pioneer in the development of offshore small wind turbines , both in the number of wind farms have been built or maturity of the technology in both the global leader in the United States is also a decade of disputes this year, after April as the first offshore wind energy projects, “Cape Wind” release.
Denmark is the first offshore wind power development in countries. Since the late 70 century, the energy crisis, Denmark and the United States, Japan, Germany and other countries began to develop new energy sources. From land-based wind began: in government subsidies under the 25-55 kilowatts (KW) of the small fan gradually occupy the market, while market demand for some machinery manufacturing enterprises in developing large-scale commercialization of fans — since the 1980s, Denmark Lu upwind electric fan has been installed more than 6,000 units, many fans replaced with a larger fan capacity. 90 years of the 20th century, to expand the scale of wind power, Denmark began to develop offshore wind power market. 1991, Denmark created the world’s first offshore wind farm, but mainly for experimental exploration. In 1996, Denmark had invited the two to establish the form of about 160MW of offshore wind demonstration project has been put into operation. After years of Danish wind power development, a single fan power has been achieved from the following 1MW 3MW, 5MW fan of technology is already mature. Today, Denmark already has nine offshore wind turbines farm, 305 fans, and has trained such as Vestas, offshore wind power project in the design, installation, commissioning and maintenance of a mature technology and rich experience leading companies .
Britain is the rising star of the field of offshore wind power, it has 12 offshore wind farm, Fan 287, Click to potential development may soon be over Denmark. In addition, Sweden, the Netherlands, Germany 7 European countries have offshore wind power technology. EU countries the pace of development of offshore wind power is increasing. According to the European Wind Energy Association, in 2009 the Taiwan Strait on the European installation of 199 wind turbines with a total capacity of 577MW, while in 2008 this figure was 373MW. In 2009, the European offshore wind industry turnover is about 15 billion euros, is expected to double by 2010. Nine European countries have decided to jointly develop North Sea wind energy resources and create worth 300 million euros (240 billion yuan) of renewable energy network. At present, European countries, more than 100GW of offshore wind power projects are being planned.
Offshore wind power industry in China triggered agitation
China has reached 18,000 km coastline of China, the development of offshore wind power is vast. Some experts in China more than 900 stations under 10 meters height data were preliminary, and that China could be the development and use of offshore wind turbine generator energy reserves of about 750 million KW. Now the development of wind power on land space is running out, last year because of the way wind power industry is overheating, even the fan manufacturing overcapacity situation, in this context, the development of offshore wind power a matter of course. Moreover, the offshore wind farm closer to a more intensive use of electricity in eastern, inland wind power can be relatively large number of transmission cost savings, more practical significance.
In fact, the major energy companies for offshore wind power market value has long coveted. Donghai Bridge in Shanghai as early as the time of tendering the project, there Datang, China Guangdong Nuclear, China Power Investment, Shanghai green energy, Three Gorges, CNOOC, the applicant can, Huadian Group and other energy giants to bid. Although the final withering Datang Commonwealth, but lost the energy giant has not given up offshore wind power.
Second half of 2005 the major energy companies, started a raging fire, wind, Happy Valley Circle, the major power giant and local governments have signed a strategic agreement massive offshore wind power. For example, there are media reports, Guohua Energy and signed an open Dongtai build 4 million KW of large offshore wind power project agreement, the agreement planned total investment of 90 billion yuan. China Long Yuan Electric power to admit States Longyuan and local governments also signed a large number of offshore wind power on the framework agreement, currently the company’s offshore wind power base throughout the Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and other coastal cities. “The total amount of the agreement 100 000 000 000 -1 500 billion.”
It was said that the energy companies offshore enclosure, is that in February 2005 enacted the “Renewable Energy Law”, which provides that “power grid enterprises should be in full acquisition of the network coverage and network within the renewable energy power generation projects online . ”
Power Group is facing the same time to complete the quota of renewable energy generation pressure, for the Power Group, the state’s intention to request more than 5 million KW installed capacity of power generation companies, in 2010, in addition to water and electricity production with renewable energy, other renewable energy quota of 3% will have to reach 8% in 2020. This year the national focus on developing offshore wind power, is going to put the news of the concession tender has just introduced, although not yet officially implemented, many of energy enterprises have started contacts with the local government to express investment interest. Jiangsu’s Yancheng, Nantong, Dafeng and other cities are planning for offshore wind resources are concentrated in cities, local governments of these cities to the media that the company received a large number of “lobbyists.”
In addition, the Ministry of Industry and released on March 26 a “wind power equipment manufacturing industry access standards” (draft), on the wind power equipment manufacturers specifications. “Standard” provides wind turbine manufacturers must have the production capacity of 2.5MW and above stand-alone, annual production of 1 million KW or more conditions necessary for the production and all production facilities. Current domestic production of wind power machine has reached 80 companies, can meet this standard is only 10 or so vendors, including Sinovel, Goldwind, Hunan Electric wind, Dongfang Electric, State Power of the United Power, Ship Heavy Industry, Guangdong Ming Yang, Suzlon, Vestas, China Electrical Instrument.
Because the offshore wind power concession project bidding, will take “bundling” tender manner, about the project developers, wind power equipment manufacturers and professional installation of the three companies jointly tendering, many resource-rich offshore wind city also started the construction of wind power industrial park, the wind power equipment business also started to have settled.
Construction of offshore wind power are still many questions
While energy companies eager for offshore wind power development in China, there are multi-party disputes. “We are ready to offshore wind power was inadequate,” the Chinese Wind Energy Association, De-xin, said, “beach land area of the wind farm construction, high-power wind turbine reliability problems (no solution), a lot of basic work none of us do. “Chinese Academy of Engineering Ni said:” wind power resources from the investigation, wind, planning, layout, installation of fans on this basis, Internet access, delivered to end users, fans manufactured from gear boxes, bearings, blades, control systems, operation, this is a very long chain. “The complexity of the domestic offshore wind power industry chain, in many areas of technology and operations are not mature. For domestic offshore wind power development challenge the status quo include the following aspects.
Early studies demonstrated lack of existence of various risks. Offshore wind farm construction are conducted prior to the wind operating conditions set conditions, site conditions, environmental conditions, including a number of investigations. Such as Denmark’s offshore wind power management, the first asked the applicant to pass on the wind, ocean currents and undersea A survey of the proposed the building programs, building programs to Tijiao the environmental impact assessment report. Secondly, through public participation on environmental impact assessment reports and other technical documentation review and questions from the Danish Energy Board for approval before beginning projects. And domestic, such as the East China Sea Bridge wind farm, did not first obtain census data on wind resources to start construction, is under construction, while data collection, site of scientific compromised, which would have a greater impact power generation efficiency. Surveying equipment, such as domestic wind tower wind can not meet the corresponding technical requirements. Many tenders have not fully listen to opinions from various sectors, such as wind field for the fishing, shipping, and military influence, it has not been fully taken into account may lead to future multi-party conflict of interest.
The reliability of domestic equipment and technology challenged. East China Sea Bridge wind farm with a large fan-made fan Rui Hua, lower part of the cost. However, technical sources, because of the particularity of offshore wind environment, the corrosion resistance of the fan, deal with the impact of waves and typhoons have a higher performance requirements. And according to the scientific research procedures, the general need for offshore wind turbine prototype test run first on land and then to the sea, from prototype to production run at least a year’s time. The Hua Rui and other domestic turbine manufacturers also began to fan the production of four or five years, production of sea fan is a recent thing, and its fans have been installed directly on the sea, its reliability, durability is questionable. And the reason is because the sea climate, sea fans need maintenance and repair difficult technology, and domestic enterprises in this area is still relatively backward technology.
And network problems unresolved. Although offshore wind power over land-based wind power and stability, but there are voltage fluctuations, flicker and other random fluctuations in the power grid to its carrying capacity is limited. The rapid development of wind power on the grid on land put forward higher requirements, the growth of wind power has not fully integrated into network planning, it was even said, “to promote wind power development has become a key link.” Offshore wind power development plan, to a large extent depend on their own network capacity to accommodate how much growth. Even on the smart grid research in Europe and the United States has more than 20 years, but did not completely solve the large-scale wind power problem.
Alleged that on May 18 from the home wind turbines National Energy Board has started issuing the business plan to the enterprise 4 months of lead time, the tender was held in September this year. Probably because of the existence of many disputes, the bidding was relatively cautious, relatively small size of the tender, the tender bids, the quality of equipment, operation stability and other constraint areas in detail. Positioning of these projects is still a “pilot” and “demonstration projects.” China’s offshore wind power, or at the exploratory stage in the front row.

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